Decentralized Societies And The Slave Trade Essay

Throughout history, a common theme is the stronger, acquisitive society preying on the weaker society for their own gain of land, people, materials, and more. The Atlantic Slave Trade had a profound effect on the way states were constructed and transformed in West Africa. Some societies became very powerful, militarized centralized societies, like Dahomey and Kongo, and others were decentralized societies, like Balanta and Igbo. Many scholars argue that the centralized societies targeted these decentralized societies and kidnapped people for the slave trade or for their own lineages, but this issue of strong and controlled preying on weak and dispersed is not as â€Å"black or white† as it may seem. This paper will discuss how the centralized and decentralized societies interacted during the slave trade and how the trade had an effect on them. It will also discuss how and why some of the decentralized societies were predatory towards people exactly like themselves by looking at multiple decentralized societies, including the Balanta and the Igbo. Though each side of the debate gives convincing evidence and arguments, the Atlantic Slave Trade was not just centralized societies preying on decentralized societies and the decentralized societies were not completely victims. They used different mechanisms to defend themselves. In some decentralized societies, after they gained some power, they would prey on other weaker decentralized societies. Martin Klein proposed a theory about theShow MoreRelatedCentralized And Decentralized Societies During The Slave Trade Essay2316 Words   |  10 Pagesaggressive, better resourced societies preying on weaker individuals for land, labor, and goods can be seen. The Atlantic Slave Trade effected West Africa by transforming the construction and formation of states. Ranging from powerful, militarized, and centralized states like Dahomey and Kongo, to more decentralized groups like Balanta and Igbo. Many scholars argue that the centralized societies targeted these decentralized societies and kidnapped people for the slave trade or for their own lineagesRead MoreCentralized And Decentralized Societies During The Slave Trade Essay1754 Words   |  8 Pagesacquisitive society preying on the weaker society for their own gain of land, people, materials, and more. The Atlantic Slave Trade had a profound effect on the way states were constructed and transformed in West Africa. Some societies be came very powerful, militarized centralized societies, like Dahomey and Kongo, and others were decentralized societies, like Balanta and Igbo. Many scholars argue that the centralized societies targeted these decentralized societies and kidnapped people for the slave tradeRead MoreThe United States Of The Declaration Of Independence1404 Words   |  6 PagesIndependence. This Declaration severed their final ties to England and idealized the formation of an equal society, independent of a corrupted centralized government like that of Britain. In order to accomplish this perfect nation, the Americans followed the Declaration with the creation of The Articles of Confederation. The Confederation s purpose was to guide the young republic to a decentralized government that upheld the Republican theory that the common people were in a constant pursuit for theRead MoreExchanging Our Country Marks by Michael Gomez.1495 Words   |  6 Pagesto a definitive history of American Slavery. In th is fusion of history, anthropology, and sociology, Gomez has made expert use of primary sources, including newspapers ads for runaway slaves in colonial America. Slave runaway accounts from newspapers are combined with personal diaries, church records, and former slave narratives to provide a firsthand account of the African and African-American experiences during the eighteenth to the mid-nineteenth centuries. With this mastery of sources, Gomez challengesRead MoreEssay on The Making of America1371 Words   |  6 Pagesthat came to North America. In our primary text, it describes around the late 17th century the British Government established a board to govern the trade of the kingdom. Its purpose was to manage the colonies and plantations around America and other locations (Reich, 2011, p. 104). Furthermore once this was established colonies became more decentralized and began to govern themselves, slowly becoming Americanized, setting the stage for revolution. Many of the fa ctors that set the stage for revolutionRead MoreImpact Of The Imperial Rule On West African Politics Essay1550 Words   |  7 PagesSenegambia region is Tekrur, its location rendered it a key trading position between North and West Africa, â€Å"which involved gold and slaves moving north and cowries, salt and weapons coming south,† (Gellar, 1995). Tekrur is a prime example of the diversity and significance of trading in the Senegalese economy before the colonization. Although the French would begin to trade with and eventually colonize Senegal is the 19th century, France was not the first European power to engage in commercial activityRead MoreThe Buy American Requirements1081 Words   |  4 Pagesregulations are not applicable to specific construction materials produced in specific countries which are known as Recovery Act Designated Countries or RADC nations which are reported as signatories to the World Trade Organization Government Procurement Agreement or a U.S. free trade agreement and are the least developed of all countries. (Zirklebach, 2009) Congress is reported to have excluded Caribbean Basin countries from the countries that are designated countries under ARRA. It is understoodRead MoreMultinational Organizations : A Multinational Corporation1247 Words   |  5 Pagesexporting in different countries. In addition, it may also lend its licenses, patents and managerial services to the firms in its host countries. There are four types of Multinational Corporations, which are listed below: 1) a multinational, decentralized corporation with strong home country presence 2) a global, centralized corporation that acquires cost advantage through centralized production wherever cheaper resources are available 3) an international company that builds on the parent corporationRead MoreDemocracy in Egypt1073 Words   |  5 Pagesdemocracy in Egypt should begin at its initial westernization. Eighteenth Century Egypt was chaotic and decentralized. A renewed Mamluk order was the cause of many internal battles within Egypts own borders. Regions of the country were often controlled independently and from time to time, Mamluks were able to attract enough support that they alone were able to dominate the country. Because of increased trade with Europe one such Mamluk, Ali Bey al-Kabir, was able to gain this support. Under his rule manyRead MoreDevelopments in Ancient China1255 Words   |  6 Pagesof new religions, changing powers, and building empires. In a nutshell the Chinese were progressing toward new technology, writings, and belief systems. The Chinese saw many dynasties come and go as well as many ups and downs experienced with societies over the course of history. As all nation’ s go through change, the Chinese experienced changes from other lands far away and produced many concepts in which helped other realms to see change for themselves. The Chinese used many inventive innovations

Cell Phones Cause Brain Cancer Essay - 1324 Words

After reading this title, I imagine how many people in our generation do not fall under in this category. In today’s world it is hard to go anywhere without seeing someone talking on a cell phone. Even if it’s walking, driving, or playing is the streets, you will be able to see them everywhere. Whether or not someone answering their cell phone is increasing the likelihood of fatal brain cancer, is in question. Apparently in recent years there has been much research completed looking for a solid answer to the question. Essentially, people are worried about their brains being microwave, breaking bonds and causing genetic damage and consequently a cancerous tumor to evolve. For example, the New York Times magazine article which expressed a†¦show more content†¦Therefore, there is no definitive link or evidence between cell phone usage and brain cancer. Cell phone radiation lacks the energy necessary to break chemical bonds which is the only known method of action for cancer causing radiation. Explicit Conclusion: Therefore, there is no definitive link or evidence between cell phone usage and brain cancer. Conclusively, 1. As a result, of David Reynard’s wife tragic brain tumor, previous studies had led him to believe cell phone usage and other suspected carcinogens cause the brain cancer. In most cases, The most exquisite — and arguably the most sensitive — means to identify a carcinogen is to study the effects of the substance not on humans or animals but on cells. In the 1970s, a Berkeley biochemist named Bruce Ames devised a cellular test to do just that. Ames’s test is based on a series of simple principles. Normal cells in the body grow through cell division, or mitosis, which is carefully regulated by genes. Certain genes accelerate growth, while other genes dampen or stop it. Cancer originates when the â€Å"accelerator† genes are permanently activated or when the â€Å"brake† genes are permanently damaged. Since genes are encoded by DNA, chemicals that mutate DNA — mutagens — can alter the growth-controlling genes and thereby cause cancer. Ames devised a special strain of bacterial cells that act as a â€Å"sensor† forShow MoreRelatedArticle Rebuttal - Does the Use of Cell Phones Cause Brain Cancer?706 Words   |  3 PagesRebuttal BCOM/275 March 19, 2012 Tania Say Article Rebuttal Does the Use of Cell Phones Cause Brain Cancer? The Opponent’s Argument In this paper valid points will be presented to refute the statement made by Dr. Ronald Herberman, Director of the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, to his faculty and staff on July 21, 2008. â€Å"Limit cell phone use because of the potential risk of cancer† (Reyes, 2009). Herberman based his claim on unpublished data and stated â€Å"it takesRead MoreEssay about Cell Phone Radiation1306 Words   |  6 Pagesadvancement is cell-phones, which is one of the greatest development in technology. We have become dependent on mobiles phones and it seem like a high percentage of the population including elderly people, young adult and even kids under 18 have one of this devices. There are numerous advantages and disadvantages related to cell phones. In one hand there is the importance of being communicated for emergencies, business, social and personal purposes. On the other hand, the usage of cell phone had becomeRead MoreEssay on Does Cellphone Use Cause Cancer1429 Words   |  6 PagesNowadays owning a cell phone has become a common commodity but can this seemingly harmless device be the cause of cancer? Cell phones emit radio frequency (RF) energy a type of electromagnetic energy that could be biologically damaging to the body. However some resear ch suggests that the RF energy is a low frequency energy that is incapable of causing detrimental effects to the cells in the body. Some studies do not demonstrate a strong causal relation between RF exposure from cell phones and negativeRead MoreEssay about Radio Frequency Emissions726 Words   |  3 PagesI remember Safe Cell Tab being advertised as a sticker-like device that would reduce the risk of cancer when using it with a wireless phone. According to Wikipedia, sixty percent of the world’s population owns a cell phone. There are roughly 6.7 billion people in the world. This means on any given day 4 billion people are exposed to cellular phones. If cell phones have the potential to cause harm to the human body, then why does America only see 15,000 new cases of brain cancer per year? TheRead MoreCell Phones And Its Effects On Our Lives1366 Words   |  6 Pagesuse of technology and increasing use of cell phones, a lot of studies are taking place. Even though cel l phones today have been helpful with communicating with people far away, these cellular devices still are dangerous in many extravagant ways. Dangerous can mean many things when it comes to cell phones. Billions of people throughout the world are implementing cell phone use in their daily routines. Cell phones are becoming a prone addiction which causes us to not be so aware of our surroundingsRead MoreMarxism in Brave New World Essay995 Words   |  4 Pages(The Pew study noted that 48 percent of parents use the phone to monitor their childs location.) * Your kids can reach you in the event of an emergency, and vice versa. * If in danger, your children can reach the authorities or a medical provider. * Phones can be silenced during class or study periods, and active only in appropriate places. * Cell phones create a convenience that was previously unavailable. With cell phones, you can easily reach your kids for any reason: to ask themRead MoreAre Cell Phones Dangerous to Your Health?1504 Words   |  7 PagesThe number of mobile phone subscribers in the Philippines has soared from over 22.5 million in 2003 to over 57.3 million in 2007. It continues to rise daily at a very fast clip, allowing us to maintain our dubious claim as the text capital of the world. On the other hand, statistics in the United States show just how deeply ingrained cell phones have become in people’s lives: Fully 78 percent of all American adults own them, including 86 percent of 18- to 29-year-olds and 55 percent of those whoRead MoreRegulation Of Cell Phones : A Cell Phone938 Words   |  4 PagesRegulation of Cell Phones A cell phone according to the dictionary.com â€Å"a portable telephone that uses wireless technology to send and receive a phone signal. The cell phone covers an unlimited geographical area that is constantly being upgraded every year. A cell phone has a lot of advantages and disadvantages. Cellphones should receive stronger regulations to prevent texting while driving. They have been known to cause cancer and they may interfere with the functioning of aircraft. Firstly, whileRead MoreNegative Effects of Cell Phones1731 Words   |  7 Pagestask easier. A cell phone is a type of technology that is a common thing to see in everyday life. The world and the people in it have gotten used to this technology. Cell phones are making the lives of an estimated two hundred sixty five million Americans (Natterson 103) and three billion worldwide (Natterson 103), easier. As useful as cell phones may be, there are negative effects in over using cell phones. Cell phone technology was first developed in the 1980’s, but cell phones became common inRead MoreMobile Phone Use And Semen Quality870 Words   |  4 Pagesincrease in cell phone usage has brought up many concerns relating to our health. When I think about these health concerns, I think about my mother lecturing me, â€Å"Katheryn Paige Leyde, take your phone out of your front pockets right now!† I would role my eyes, and pull my phone out of my pocket. I never really thought of technology as a health hazard, but my mother had read an article; stating that trends in research show, technology can cause infertility, hearing loss or even cancer from the electromagnetic

The Need for Appropriate Government Response to the Global...

Economists called the recent Global Financial Crisis the worst financial crisis since the Stock Market Crash of 1929 and the Great Depression. The United States of America are in a time of recession and increasing numbers of people are finding themselves in need of assistance. Low-income individuals and families are suffering as hours are cut, benefits shrink, and programs they depend on disappear due to state budget cuts. It is imperative that the government find an efficient policy response that benefits as many low-income individuals and families as possible in the next five years. The most promising and urgent policy response to improve the well-being of low-income individuals and families in the next five years would be to†¦show more content†¦Since the EITC is categorized as a tax program instead of a social welfare program (Bane, 2009) and children are not a prerequisite for assistance, and single individuals and individuals with criminal backgrounds would still be able to benefit from any program expansion, as long as they were working. The underlying belief that those who participate in the labor market are most deserving of aid is an idea that has permeated American attitudes toward poverty and social welfare policy since the colonial era (Patterson, 2000). Structuring a policy around the EITC could reinforce this belief, further marginalizing those who cannot participate in the workforce. Although I believe that an EITC expansion would offer the greatest benefit for the largest number of low-income individuals and families, an obvious criticism is that it would only benefit those who were able to participate in the work force. Undocumented workers who do not file taxes and individuals who are unemployed would not see any returns from the recommended policy changes. Also along these lines, the previously mentioned benefit for individuals with criminal records is non-existent if they are not able to find employment. I think that these concerns could be addressed by including additional employment assistance pr ograms in the new policy for the unemployed, including ex-convicts.Show MoreRelatedFinancial Crisis : The Fiscal Crisis1355 Words   |  6 Pagesgeneral, a financial crisis is not an accident; it may take several years and has complex and interlaced causes (Claessens and Kodres, 2014). The 2007-08 global financial crisis is a typical case due to long-term non-intervention policy and loose regulation for financial market from government. Moreover, it involved the complex relationship between government and financial institutions. In order to look at this issue in particular, this essay first goes though the timeline of the 2007-08 financial crisisRead MoreDeterminants Of The Crisis Of Colander s A Manifesto For Economic Sense1439 Words   |  6 Pagesnumerous determinants that resulted in the Financial Crisis of 2008, wage stagnation for the majority of Americans and increasing income inequality are among the most influential. The housing bubble that was fueled by subprime lending and indebtedness was a subsequent result of these two determinants. This essay will analyze the two factors (income inequality and wage stagnation) that contributed to the onset of the crisis, factors that are prolonging the crisis--expressed from the position of Colander’sRead MoreGeithner and Bernanke Case Study Essay883 Words   |  4 PagesGeithner Bernanke Amid the Global Financial Crisis 1. Fiscal policy: Given the breadth and depth of this recession, it was clear that the Treasury and the entire Obama administration had to take bold actions. In fact, right at the beginning, they were committed to a fiscal stimulus policy package which would be â€Å"substantial† enough to pull the economy out of the recession. The final stimulus package signed into law in 2009, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, was totaled $787 billionRead MoreThe 2007-2008 Financial Crisis: Causes, Impacts and the Need for New Regulations1563 Words   |  7 PagesTHE 2007-2008 FINANCIAL CRISIS: CAUSES, IMPACTS AND THE NEED FOR NEW REGULATIONS The initial cause of the financial turbulence is attributed to the U.S. sub-prime residential mortgage market. The sustained rise in asset prices, particularly house prices, on the back of excessively accommodative monetary policy and lax lending standards during 2002-2006, increased innovation in the new financial instruments, unusual low interest rates resulted in a large rise in mortgage credit to households; particularlyRead MoreEssay on Government Actions to Prevent Economic Crises1695 Words   |  7 Pagesseem as shiny as it used to. The global economy has just recently come out of a deep recession. At a time like this, it is particularly relevant to examine the role of the State in overcoming economic crises. Although government intervention in the matters of a fair free-market is not entirely consistent with the doctrine of economic liberalism which has been today vindicated as a necessity in a free society, in practical terms, it is impossible for the government to be no t involved in somethingRead MoreWorld Health Organization Director General1446 Words   |  6 PagesTO: World Health Organization Director-General: Dr. Margaret Chan FROM: World Health Organization Deputy Director, Department of Emergency Risk Management and Humanitarian Response: Nicholas Lawson SUBJECT: Getting ahead of the curve: Future Ebola Virus (EBOV) engagement. DATE: 10/26/14 Introduction To date in the 2014 Ebola Virus (EBOV) outbreak in Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leone, 4818 people (60% of the laboratory confirmed cases) have died. Over 13,500 cases have been reported. Included inRead MoreThe Rational Perspectives Of Management Essay1479 Words   |  6 Pagescase because of the ever changing business environment that is characterized by so many political, social, ethical, regulatory, and environmental issues that affect how a business is able to interact with all its stakeholders and meet their different needs and interests. It is the work of the management to ensure that an organization is able to address these challenges appropriately in order to be able to survive in this changing business environment. Of interest, there are three very important challengesRead MoreToo Big to Fail: The 2008 World Financial Crisis and Its Aftermath1779 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ Too big to fail: The 2008 world financial crisis and its aftermath The 2008 world financial crisis begin the banking and housing sector, but spread like a contagion through the entire economy. Many date the beginnings of the problems far back before 2008, back to the historically low interest rates put into place by the Federal Reserve in the wake of the last financial crisis. Interest rates plummeted after the dot.com boom and bust, followed by the attacks on the World Trade Center. ThisRead MoreSocial Protection in Developing Countries990 Words   |  4 PagesThe global crisis has sharply underscored the need to strengthen social protection institutions in developing countries, and especially in low income countries. Before the onset of the crisis in November 2008, a growing body of research had accumulated proving a comprehensive knowledge base demonstrating that social protection programmes are effective instruments in reducing poverty and enhancing human development. In the decade prior to the onset of the crisis a large number among the new socialRead MoreFinancial Liberalization : South Korea And Taiwan Essay1578 Words   |  7 PagesTwo Paths to financial liberalization: South Korea and Taiwan, Elizabeth Thurbon Is it insufficient financial liberalization and the legacies of economic model in which the state plays an active role in the allocation of economic resources to strategically designated ends that caused the rise of financial crises or is it excessive financial liberalization and increased exposure to volatile capital flows for the primary cause of financial crises? What kind of liberalization could deliver of the benefits

Dead men do tell tale Essay Example For Students

Dead men do tell tale Essay In the book, Dead men do tell tale Essays, by William R. Maples, Ph.D. and Michael Browning, a story is told in how the dead, no matter how dead, still talk to us. The book is appropriately titled because, according to Dr. Maples, truth is discoverable, truth wants to be discovered (2). Dr. Maples tells us of what it is like to be a Forensic Anthropologist. Dr. Maples does not hold anything back in any of his descriptions, from the smell of corpses to the explanations of maggots. Dead Men Do Tell Tales is a complete engrossing journey into the world of Forensic Anthropology and the science of bones. The book is well organized and easy to follow. The story is not from some published medical work containing lengthy medical terminology. The book is best described as the story of Dr. Maples career and interesting encounters it entailed. The book is a total of 292 pages. The book is organized into 16 chapters, each appropriately titled for the subject and stories that it contains. One could only wish that all story tellers could be as good as Dr. Maples. The first chapter, Every Day Is Halloween, gives a preview of the book and talks about the nightmares that he seldom has. They are usually flitting images of the everyday things I see on the job: crushed and perforated skulls, lopped-off limbs and severed heads, roasted and dissolving corpses, hanks of human hair and heaps of white bones all in a days work at my office (1). In this part of the book, we learn of Dr. Maples life and how it came to include the fascinating world of anthropology. It is in this chapter that Dr. Maples proves his credibility that he knows what he is talking about. He tells of his upbringing with strict moral values, taught by his father, the death of his father, and how he ended up taking an anthropology class in college, only because the other classes were full already. As Dr. Maples puts it, It was a combination of good luck and bad character. (6) It is in this beginning chapter that we get to know William Maples, the small boy who did not grow up wanting to become a Forensic Anthropologist, initially majoring in English, but realized that it was his passion. It is in this chapter were we first hear of the notorious teacher, Tom McKern. It was McKern who, more than any other man save only my father, shaped and directed my life (6). We find out about his odd jobs that he undertook while attending the University of Texas, from working at a morgue to being an ambulance driver. In the end, he ends up spending time in Africa to study baboons. I feel the admiration that he has for his newfound love of Anthropology when he makes reference to Newton. I have seen further, Newton said, it is because I have stood upon the shoulders of giants. In my case, it has been the shoulders of baboons, but I am nonetheless grateful (19). We should all be so fortunate to find are true passion as Dr. Maples did. I appreciated the humor in the next chapter, Talkative Skulls, when Dr. Maples immediately disassociates himself from the television show character, Quincy. I immediately compared Quincy to Bill Nye the science guy of my generation. In this chapter, he starts putting together how anthropology and crime investigation starts going hand in hand. In many of the cases that he describes, the skulls that he studies talk to him. I laughed when I thought about how a Forensic Anthropologist was actually using the techniques that I had studied and learned in class. Teachers are always trying to prove to there students that what they are learning is actual used in the real world and not just there to torture us. Having paid attention in class, cranial sutures, sloping foreheads, orbits, and dental observation made complete sense and I found myself with the feeling that I was in the laboratory and making suggestions to Dr. Maples on how to sex the skeleton. .ufce980f58f0796c8fc6258639267135b , .ufce980f58f0796c8fc6258639267135b .postImageUrl , .ufce980f58f0796c8fc6258639267135b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ufce980f58f0796c8fc6258639267135b , .ufce980f58f0796c8fc6258639267135b:hover , .ufce980f58f0796c8fc6258639267135b:visited , .ufce980f58f0796c8fc6258639267135b:active { border:0!important; } .ufce980f58f0796c8fc6258639267135b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ufce980f58f0796c8fc6258639267135b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ufce980f58f0796c8fc6258639267135b:active , .ufce980f58f0796c8fc6258639267135b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ufce980f58f0796c8fc6258639267135b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ufce980f58f0796c8fc6258639267135b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ufce980f58f0796c8fc6258639267135b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ufce980f58f0796c8fc6258639267135b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ufce980f58f0796c8fc6258639267135b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ufce980f58f0796c8fc6258639267135b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ufce980f58f0796c8fc6258639267135b .ufce980f58f0796c8fc6258639267135b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ufce980f58f0796c8fc6258639267135b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Parts of a Holy Mass Essay He even gives an example of how one of the skulls even talked .